通过低压氧弹燃烧法研究了充氧压力分别为0.6，0.9 MPa时4种无灰型柴油添加剂（有机硝酸酯A、胺类化合物B、表面活性剂C与酯类化合物D）不同配比对助燃性能的影响。采用均匀设计方法设计试验方案，运用DPS软件和偏最小二乘回归分析法，建立添加剂添加量与发热量变化率之间的回归模型，得到复配体系的最优配方为：有机硝酸酯A、胺类化合物B、表面活性剂C在油品中添加的质量分数分别为0.1079%，0.0249%，0.12%，该配方在2种充氧压力下均具有最佳助燃效果，发热量较0号柴油分别增加了11.73%和7.86%。对该最优配方进行低压氧弹模拟评价试验和发动机台架试验验证，结果表明在平原和模拟高原条件下，燃用含此配方添加剂的柴油较燃用0号柴油其燃油消耗率平均下降了1.98%和2.73%，碳烟排放平均降低了26.5%和15.5%，具有良好的节能减排功效。%The supporting effect of combustion performance was investigated under different ratios with four ashless diesel fu⁃el additives named organic nitrate ester A, amine compound B, surface active agent C, ester compound D respectively, through the low pressure oxygen bomb combustion method under the pressure of 0.6 MPa and 0.9 MPa respectively. A uniform design method was used to design the experiment, and the DPS software and partial least squares regression analysis method was introduced to es⁃tablish the regression model between the additive contents and the change rate of calorific value, resulting in the optimal formula of mixed system, which consisted of 0.107 9%organic nitrate ester A, 0.024 9%amine compound B and 0.12%surface active agent C. This formula displayed the best combustion efficiency both at 0.6 MPa and 0.9 MPa, the calorific value increased by 11.73%and 7.86%respectively compared with the No.0 diesel. In addition, the optimal formula was verified by the simulation test of low pres⁃sure oxygen bomb and the engine bench test. The results showed that the fuel consumption rate decreased by 1.98%and 2.73%on average compared with the No.0 diesel, soot emission decreased by 26.5%and 15.5%on average, under the condition of plain and simulated plateau respectively, which shows good effects of energysaving and emissions reduction.
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