汉语反义方位复合词的隐喻不对称研究

摘要

Chinese antonymous compound localizers "Shangxia (上下)","Zuoyou (左右)" and "Qianhou (前后)"project from spatial domain to time domain and quantity domain to express "Approximating";however, there are many sides of asymmetry among them."Shangxia","Zuoyou" and "Qianhou"is a pair of antonymous compound localizers, their metaphor and its asymmetrys are connected with the feature of antonymous compound word.The meaning differences in spatial domain and those metaphor asymmetrys in time domain and quantity domain among those three words can be explained with their word-formation components-single localizers "Shang, Xia", "Zuo, You" and "Qian, Hou".%汉语反义方位复合词"上下"、"前后"、"左右"都可以从空间域投射到时间域、数量域,表"约指",但隐喻存在诸多不对称现象."上下"、"前后"、"左右"是一组反义方位复合词,其隐喻的产生和隐喻的不对称都和反义方位复合词的结构特点有关.其构词成分——单纯方位词"上、下"、"前、后"、"左、右"的方位概念差异更能解释反义方位复合词"上下"、"前后"、"左右"在空间域的语义差异以及在时间域和数量域的隐喻不对称等问题.