维生素K3对松浦镜鲤幼鱼血清生化指标的影响

摘要

为研究饵料中维生素K3添加水平对松浦镜鲤(Cyprinus carpio Songpu carp)血清生化指标的影响,寻找维生素K3产生毒性的敏感指标,为饲料中维生素K3的添加限量提供数据.在水温24℃,溶氧7.46～8.61mg/L条件下,在以豆粕和鱼粉为蛋白源的基础饲料中(维生素K1含量0.54mg/kg,维生素K2未检出)添加不同水平的维生素K3(甲萘醌烟酰胺亚硫酸盐,甲萘醌≥49.9％),得到甲萘醌实际浓度为0,2.92,4.86,9.71,19.48,38.66,980.00 mg/kg 7组试验饲料,饲喂初始体质量为(2.58±0.16)g的松浦镜鲤,饲养试验时间为60d.结果表明:饲料中维生素K3添加水平对松浦镜鲤血清中的总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、间接胆红素(IBIL)、补体C3、C4的含量以及谷-草转氨酶的活性均无显著影响(P＞0.05).在最高剂量组(980 mg/kg)中,血清中谷-丙转氨酶的活性显著大于2.92 mg/kg试验组,肌酐含量显著大于9.71 mg/kg试验组(P＜0.05)；尿素氮在高剂量组(≥38.66 mg/kg)的含量是其他试验组的2～3倍.可见,60d投喂不添加维生素K3的日粮不会对松浦镜鲤幼鱼血清生化指标产生不利影响,肾脏对维生素K3的反应早于肝脏,当维生素K3添加量≥38.66 mg/kg时,会影响松浦镜鲤的肾脏功能.%The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin K3(MNB) supplementation on serum biochemical indexes of Songpu mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio Songpu carp) in order to provide a scientific basis for establishment of MNB limit standard in the feed of Songpu mirror carp.A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted using flow through system,at 24 ℃ water temperature,7.46 ～8.61 mg/L dissolved oxygen.MNB (2-Methyl-1,4-naphthalene-diol bis tetrasodium salt,hexahydrate,the menadione content≥49.9％) were added in the basal diets (vitamin K1 content was 0.54 mg/kg,vitamin K2 was not detected) diet.Seven diets with increasing dietary menadione concentration (0,2.92,4.86,9.71,19.48,38.66,980.00 mg/kg,respectively) were randomly fed to Songpu mirror carp (2.58 + 0.16) g.The results showed that the content of total protein (TP),albumin (ALB),globulin (GLB),total bilirubin (TBIL),direct bilirubin (DBIL),indirect bilirubin (IBIL),complement C3,C4,and activities of aspartate aminotransferas (AST) in serum were not significantly affected by dietary vitamin K3 concentration (P ＞ 0.05).Highest dose treatment (980 mg/kg) has higher clanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in the serum than the 2.92 mg/kg treatment (P ＜ 0.05).And its creatinine (CREA) content in serum was also significantly higher than the 9.71 mg/kg treatment.The content of urea nitrogen (UREA) in the fish fed higher dose (≥38.66 mg/kg)VK3 diets was even 2-3 times greater than the other treatments.It could be concluded that 60-day diets with no supplementation of vitamin K3 have no negative effect on serum biochemical indexes of Songpu mirror carp.The response to vitamin K3 in kidney is earlier than in hepatopancreas.VK3 could affect the function of kidney when the concentration of menadione is ≥ 38.66 mg/kg.