转型缺口与回应时滞:转型期农村校车服务政策变迁

摘要

校车安全问题是当前教育安全的首要问题,它是社会变迁过程产生的需求与政府政策回应时滞矛盾所催生的产物. 以近五年来农村重大校车事件推动的《校车安全条例》政策出台为例,从政府与社会关系边界视角对社会转型期校车问题的政府政策调整过程进行分析. 研究发现,政府职能转变滞后,政府政策修正和创新不适应校车服务的需求、校车安全高效监管的要求、校车责任完整化的诉求是校车安全的重要体制性因素. 因此,最大限度上预防校车事故的发生,需要重新厘清政社关系边界,调整政府职能和完善政策,优化政府回应能力,推动政府多维责任的落实和与社会合作治理.%School bus safety,one of the primary issues in educational security for rural areas,results from the gap between new public needs and governmental policy response lagging.This research,from the perspec-tive of the relationship boundary between government and the society,took as example major school bus acci-dents in rural areas in recent five years which have led to Public Policy Agenda.It found that failure of govern-ment policies to adapt to the requirements of the school bus services,supervision responsibility absence,and accountability incompletion are the three most important institutional factors. Therefore, in order to prevent school bus accidents to the maximum extent,it is necessary to clarify the relationship border between govern-ment and the society,adjust government functions,and optimize the responsibilities of the two,promote govern-ment implementation of multidimensional responsibilities and enhance cooperation between government and the society.