HA/煤油/NaOH微乳体系萃取废水中Cd^2＋和Zn^2＋的研究

摘要

The formula for microemulsion system with saponified HA of NaOH has been studied.Through extraction test to Cd2＋ and Zn2＋ from feed phase using the microemulsion system of HA/kerosene/NaOH,different factors effecting extraction rate of Cd2＋ and Zn2＋,such as the mass ratio of HA,the concentration of NaOH,the ratio of volume between microemulsion and feed phase were investigated.The experimental results show the primary extraction rate of Cd2＋ was 99.23 % and the Zn2＋ was 97.51 % when the volume ratio of HA to kerosene was 1∶2.5,the concentration of NaOH was 1.5 mol/L,the ratio of volume between microemulsion and wastewater was 1∶3,the extraction time was 6 min.And the experimental results show the rextraction rate of Cd2＋ was 98.29 % and the Zn2＋ was 97.38 % when the pH of the oil phasead justed to 1 and the ratio of volume between oil phasead and water was 1∶3.This microemulsion system exhibits several advantages including good stability,simple process,lower cost,high efficiency of extraction.%研究了NaOH皂化HA的微乳体系的配方,通过HA/煤油/NaOH微乳体系萃取分离含Cd2＋、Zn2＋废水的研究,考察了HA与煤油的体积比、NaOH的浓度、乳水比、萃取分离时间等因素对Cd2＋、Zn2＋萃取率的影响。实验结果表明,当HA与煤油的体积比为1∶2.5,NaOH浓度为1.5 mol/L,乳水比为1∶3（体积比）时,萃取6 min,该微乳体系对Cd2＋和Zn2＋的单级萃取率分别为99.23%和97.51%。通过调节萃取相的pH值和适当的油水比,可较好地实现反萃取和油相的回收,当调节油相pH为1、油水比为1∶3时,Cd2＋和Zn2＋的反萃率分别为98.29%和97.38%。研究表明,该微乳体系具有稳定性好、工艺简单、成本低、膜相可自动破乳、油相可重复使用、萃取效率高等优点。