酸枣仁化学成分及其镇静催眠作用研究进展

摘要

酸枣仁是治疗失眠和焦虑的经典中药之一,其化学成分包括达玛烷型三萜皂苷、黄酮类化合物、生物碱、脂肪油、三萜类化合物、各种维生素和多糖等.早期的酸枣仁药理学研究论证了酸枣仁皂苷和黄酮类化合物是其镇静催眠的主要成分,近年来发现这两类成分对中枢神经系统及其递质、调质、受体和电生理等有着明确的作用.为了综合考察酸枣仁活性物质及其镇静催眠药效的关系,客观评价神经药理学在酸枣仁研究中的探索性成果,本文对近年来酸枣仁化学成分及其神经药理研究进展进行了综述,以期对今后的研究有所裨益.%Semen Zizyphi Spinosae ( SZS)is the dried mature seeds of Zizyphus jujuba Mill var.spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou. In traditional clinical practice, it is mainly utilized for the treatment of insomnia and anxiety. Chemical constituents of SZS include dammarane type triterpene saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, fatty oils and triterpenoids etc. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that flavonoids and saponins are the main bioactive substances responsible for the sedative and hypnotic effects of SZS. In addition, in recent years, neuropharmacological studies on SZS have begun focusing on their effects on central nervous system (CNS) such as transmittances, modulator, receptors and so on. This paper reviews the research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacologic activities of SZS, especially evaluales the achievements in the exploratory studies on the neuropharmacology of SZS.