靶向性聚乙烯亚胺作为基因载体的研究现状

摘要

聚乙烯亚胺（yethylenimine，PEI）是目前比较有前途的非病毒基因载体之一。载体靶向性或特异性是理想基因载体系统的主要特性，但是高相对分子质量的PEI毒性较大且缺乏肿瘤靶向性，因此，需要对PEI进行改造，使其成为一种具有靶向性的低毒性基因载体。目前关于PEI被修饰成为靶向性基因导入载体已有许多研究，主要包括：①以转铁蛋白、RGD肽等内源性配体的修饰；②以半乳糖等碳水化合物的修饰；③特异性抗体修饰。其中，以抗体作为靶向元件进行修饰，构建抗体靶向的PEI具有独特优势和发展前景。本文综述近年来国内外关于靶向性PEI基因导入载体的研究现状。%Currently, polyethylenimine(PEI) is one of the most promising non-viral gene delivery vectors. However, high relative molecular mass PEI has obvious toxicity and is short of targeting or specificity to cells or tissues. As we know, targeting or specificity is the key property of ideal gene delivery systems. Therefore, PEI should be modified to become a gene vector with targeting and low toxicity. Up to now, investgations on modification of PEI for targeting effect mainly include:1.modification with endogenous ligands such as transferrin(Tf),RGD peptide, etc;2.modification with carbohydrate such as galactose,etc;3.modification with specific antibody. Of these, the specific antibody-directed PEI is anticipated to be one of promising and distinctive targeting gene delivery carriers. The present paper summarises literature on PEI as targeted gene delivery vectors.