巨噬细胞表型在鼠疫杆菌和牛布鲁氏杆菌联合免疫效果早期评价中的潜在作用

摘要

Objective In emergency situations where simultaneous immunization by multiple vaccines are required,how to rapidly evaluate the effect of combined immunization is an urgent issue that needs to be solved.This study aimed to investigate the po-tential role and application value of the phenotypic changes of macrophages in rapid evaluation of the effect of combined Yersinia pestis and Brucella bovis vaccine immunization at early stage.Methods Y.pestis and B.bovis vaccines were injected into mice alone or in combination to establish animal models.The changes of the macrophage phenotypes(M1 or M2 polarization)and the CD8+T cell pheno-types and functions were detected in the early(4 d)and the late(14 d)stage of the immunization,respectively.The effect of the immuno-phenotype of macrophages at early stage on the function of CD8+T cells at late stage was analyzed.Results The co-immunization by Y.pestis and B.bovis vaccines led to the attenuation of the M1-polarization of macrophages at early stage,which were marked by de-creased expression of CD16/32 and increased expression of Detectin-1 on cell surface as well as decreased expression of IL-12 and in-creased expression of IL-4 inside the macrophage,in comparison with single vaccine groups,suggesting an interference between the two vaccines.Meanwhile,the activity of CD8+T cells(including the ratio of CD8+CD69+T,CD8+IFN-γ+T and CD8+GranzymeB+T cells) in combined immunization group showed similar tendency to the attenuated phenotypic M1-polarization of macrophages. Conclusion The phenotype of macrophages at the early stage of the co-immunization by Y.pestis and B.bovis vaccines showed consistency with the phenotype and function of CD8+T cells at late stage.It might give us some hint about the possibility of utilizing the phenotypic changes of macrophages to rapidly evaluate the effect of the co-immunization at early stage.%目的 在需要多种疫苗同时免疫的应急情况下,如何快速评价联合免疫的效果是目前迫切需要解决的问题.本研究旨在探究巨噬细胞表型变化在早期快速评价鼠疫杆菌和布氏杆菌联合免疫效果中的潜在作用及其可能的应用价值.方法 建立鼠疫杆菌、牛布鲁氏杆菌疫苗小鼠免疫模型,分别在免疫早期(4 d)和免疫后期(14 d)检测巨噬细胞表型(M1或M2极化)差异,及CD8+T细胞表型功能的变化,分析早期巨噬细胞免疫表型对后期CD8+T细胞功能的影响.结果 在联合免疫早期,鼠疫杆菌及牛布鲁氏杆菌同时免疫情况下巨噬细胞M1方向的极化减弱(包括细胞表面CD16/32表达降低及Detectin-1表达升高,细胞内IL-12表达降低及IL-4表达升高),提示疫苗间的相互干扰.同时,两菌联合接种组CD8+T细胞的活性(包括CD8+CD69+T、CD8+INF-γ+T以及CD8+Granzyme B+T细胞的比例)也减弱,出现与巨噬细胞表型一致的变化趋势.结论 联合免疫早期巨噬细胞表型与后期反映抗感染免疫应答能力的CD8+T细胞表型及功能出现一致性变化,提示巨噬细胞表型变化有可能应用于早期快速评价联合免疫的效果.