宫腔先天性异常或获得性疾病常引起不孕或妊娠丢失.宫腔镜不仅是诊断和治疗上述宫腔疾病的金标准,而且能治疗不孕症显著改善妊娠结局.因此,宫腔镜也是一种有效的助孕手段.但宫腔镜检查是否可作为筛查不孕症妇女宫腔病变的常规手段仍存在争议.对于输卵管近端阻塞性不孕症,宫腔镜下输卵管插管技术是有效的治疗手段.至于辅助生殖技术(ART)联合宫腔镜是否有助于提高ART的疗效,尚需进一步的研究.宫腔镜手术具有的直视、放大、微创、诊断和治疗一体化的优点使其在不孕不育症中发挥越来越重要的作用.%Congenital anomalies and acquired diseases of the uterus cavity may interfere with normal implantation and placentation that may lead to infertility and pregnancy loss. Hysteroscopy is considered the "gold standard" investigation for assessment of the uterine cavity, with the ability to treat uterine pathology in infertile patients. It also improves pregnancy outcome singnificantly. Hysteroscopy was even regarded as one of assisted reproduction technique by some authors. But the value of hysteroscopy as a routine approach in the management of infertile women is a matter of debate. Hysteroscopic tubal cannu-lation should be considered as a treatment option for women with proximal tubal obstruction because the treatment improves the chance of pregnancy. ART combineded with hysteroscopy requires further investigation. With the advantage of direct visualization, amplification, "see and treat" ,and minimal invasion, hysteroscopy plays an more important role in infertility.
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