子宫内膜异位症与干细胞学说

摘要

Endometriosis is a common gynecologic stubborn disease. There are several theories of its pathogenesissuch as Sampon's Implantation Theory.Coelomic Metaplasia Theory,Embryonic Rest Theory,Lymphatic vessels remaining embryo transfer theory,Lymphovascular Metastasis Theories,Induction Theories,and the recent "eutopic-endometrium determinism", but all can not fully explain the clinical pathogenesis of many types of EMs. Recently,more and more scholars have proposed the endometrial stem cell hypothesis that endometriosis origins from the SCs.when the menstrual blood reflux,the pelvic environment,estrogen and other factors,provide a differentiated environment for undifferentiated stem cells from the planting endometrial fragments, embryos reminant,bone marrow and tissues of the planting place. This article reviews the recent researchs of endometriosis and stem cell theory.%子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMs)是一种妇科常见的疑难病.其发病机制存在多种学说:子宫内膜种植学说、体腔上皮化生学说、胚胎剩余学说、淋巴血管转移学说、诱导学说以及最近的“在位内膜决定论”,但这些学说均不能完全解释临床上多种类型EMs的发病机制.近年,越来越多的学者提出了EMs的干细胞学说,当经血逆流后,盆腔内环境、雌激素的作用等因素,为种植的内膜碎片中未分化干细胞、胚胎期遗留下的干细胞、骨髓干细胞和种植部位组织中未分化干细胞提供了分化的内环境.综述近年的EMs与干细胞学说的相关研究.