急性白血病住院患者医院感染的临床特点及危险因素分析

摘要

Objective To explore the clinical feature and risk factors of acute leukemia patients (non-M3 subtype) with hospital infection.Methods 186 patients of acute leukemia (non-M3 subtype) were selected. 88 patients (107 cases ) with hospital infection were found. Site infection,pathogen, hospital stays and risk factors were analyzed.Results Site infection: upper respiratory infection was 34.58% and lower respiratory tract infection was 26.17%.The hospital stays of upper respiratory infection was shortest,and urinary tract infection was longest.Pathogen constitute:86 strains pathogen were separated 30 strains included Gram-positive bacteria,49 strains Gram-negative bacteria and 7 strains fungi.The patients with age＞60 years,ANC＜1.0×109/L and non-remission were the risk factors.Conclusion The hospital infection rate of acute leukemia patients is high,clinician should eliminate risk factors in vivo and vitro,reduce the hospital infection for better therapeutic efficacy.%目的 探讨急性白血病(非M3)住院患者医院感染的临床特点及风险因素分析.方法 选取急性白血病(非M3)患者186例,其中88例共发生107例次医院感染.采用回顾性分析的方法,对临床资料完整的88例急性白血病(非M3)医院感染患者的感染部位、病原体、住院时间及感染的危险因素进行分析.结果 感染部位:上呼吸道感染例次较多(34.58％),其次为下呼吸道感染(26.17％)；上呼吸道感染住院时间最短,泌尿道感染住院时间最长；病原菌构成:107例次感染中,共分离出86株病原菌,其中革兰阳性菌30株,革兰阴性菌49株,真菌7株；患者年龄＞60岁,中性粒细胞数＜1.0×109/L和疾病处于非缓解状态为急性白血病发生医院感染的危险因素.结论 急性白血病患者发生医院感染率较高,应降低急性白血病患者体内外易感因素,减少医院感染的发生,以期提高治疗效果.