“四议两公开”：村民自治的程序性制度创新——基于河南邓州个案

摘要

This paper analyzes the mechanism of working mode named ＂four plus two＂ in Dengzhou city of Henan province. The author thinks that the working mode of ＂four plus two＂ is one of the most surpassingly innovative practice on the background of villager-autonomy because it effectively promotes villagers＇ participation in village affairs, perfectly combines the elements of democracy of villager-autonomy, remarkably improves the level of standardization of villager-autonomy, observably enhances the leadership of communist party in the country distinctly improves the performance of villager-autonomy. The author considers that the effective operating regulations are the valid foundation of villager-autonomy; the democratic decision-making mechanism is the key to promote the course of villagers-autonomy and the innovation of system needs government＇s support.%基于村民自治民主内涵及实践有待深化以及村“两委”关系与“乡政村治”模式有待协调与完善等问题，河南邓州探索的“四议两公开”工作法明确了村民行使各项民主权利的运作规程，重大事项必须通过党支部会提议、村“两委”会商议、党员大会审议、村民代表大会或村民会议决议才能实施，决议和实施结果公开。这一程序性制度创新有利于引导村民广泛参与村庄重大事务，实现乡村社会各阶层之间利益的均衡，在沟通协商的氛围中体现出现代民主应有的价值内涵。因此，完善的程序性制度是村民自治有效性的基础，多方联动机制是推进村民自治的关键，政府的引导是村民自治制度创新的保证。