高发泡硬质PVC阻燃材料的制备及性能研究

摘要

采用一步模压法制备了硬质聚氯乙烯（PVC）发泡材料,研究了发泡剂偶氮二甲酰胺（AC）、活化剂氧化锌（ZnO）、交联剂过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）的用量以及成核剂碳酸钙（CaCO3）的种类对PVC泡沫塑料性能的影响;研究了阻燃剂三氧化二锑（Sb2O3）对PVC泡沫塑料阻燃性能的影响.结果表明：当选择PVC树脂100份、钙锌复合稳定剂5份、硬脂酸（Hst）0.2份、PE蜡0.3份、AC5份、ZnO1份、DOP6份、DCP 3份、轻质CaCO310份、模压压力为10.0MPa、模压温度为185℃、模压时间为15min时,可获得泡孔均匀细密、密度较小的高发泡硬质PVC板材,SEM显示泡沫材料泡孔直径为50!m左右.Sb2O3能显著提升PVC泡沫材料的阻燃性能,当Sb2O3用量为8份时,材料氧指数达43.%Rigid PVC foam is prepared by one-step compression molding.Effects of various additives such as AC（foaming agent）,ZnO（activator）,DCP（crosslinking agent）,CaCO3（nucleating agent）,Sb2O3（flame retardant）are probed.The result shows that the optimum dosage is：PVC 100,stabilizer 5,Hst 0.2,PE wax 0.3,AC 5,ZnO 1,DOP 6,DCP 3,light CaCO3 10,molding press 10MPa,molding temperature 185℃,molding time 15min,and the foam is endowed with uniform foam cellular structure,lower density.SEM shows that diameters of cells are about 50 SymbolmA@m.Sb2O3 can significantly improve the performance of flame-retardant PVC foam,the limited oxygen index is 43 when the quantity of Sb2O3 is 8.