民国时期中学教师抚恤制度的演变及施行实况探析

摘要

民国时期中学教师的抚恤制度直到南京国民政府时期才有了统一的规章，湖北地区的抚恤制度虽然制定较早，却变动频繁，其具体的实施，亦一波三折。抗战以前，省主管当局在处理此类抚恤事项时，并无统一标准。抗战及战后时期，由于物价飞涨，对中学教师的抚恤仅具有象征意义。造成此种局面的原因主要是由于政局的频繁变动和时局的动荡，导致教育经费缺乏，以至于相关的制度在制定后无法实施和履行。%In Republic of China time, the pension system for secondary school teachers did not come into existence until the Nanjing National Government time. Although it was formulated early in Hubei Province, it changed frequently with twists and turns in its implementation. Before the Anti-Japanese War, the provincial authorities dealt with pension matters without any unified standard. During the war and post-war period, because of the soaring prices, the pension of secondary school teachers only had the symbolic significance. Such situation was mainly due to frequent changes of political situations and the instability of current situation. Thus, the education fund was lacking and the relevant system could not be implemented and fulfilled after it was formulated.