根义与认识义情态动词表言语行为的语用功能探析

摘要

情态动词具有人际意义和语用功能。从情态动词的功能分类出发,分别考察汉语表施为功能的根义情态动词和表推测功能的认识义情态动词在传达言语行为时其肯定、否定、疑问和否定疑问等不同语法结构式的语用功能和人际含义,从语用层面体现了情态动词的语义和句法在言语交际中的互动,揭示了情态动词的一些固定语用结构式,在对外汉语教学中可以作为语块进行语用教学,促进留学生语用交际能力。%Modal auxiliaries convey interpersonal meaning.Starting from the distinction of Root Modality and Epistemic Modality,this paper investigates the pragmatic meaning of the affirmative,negative and interrogative forms of different Chinese modals and reveals the interpersonal implication of set structures of the modals in expressing speech acts.It is suggested that these set structures can be taught as pragmatic chunks to the CSL（Chinese as a second language） learners to improve their pragmatic competence in using Chinese modals.