项目性质及特征视角下的竞技乒乓球专项能力训练

摘要

By means of studying the literature and logical reasoning, taking the competitive sports for example, this paper analyzed and discriminated the relationship between the special ability and competitive ability and shared its thinking of training table tennis special ability. The main conclusion are as follows: the property and character of sports can be refined from strategic factor and regular pattern about sports. The composition of hinge on the property and character of sports special ability. Compared with the competitive ability, the special ability matches the victory more directly. The competitive table tennis is one of the racket sports which across the net. It is on the foundation of technological development, in the rhythm of control and counter control, in fast, accurate, ruthless, changeable, gyratory as winning factors. The demands on special ability of the table tennis athlete will vary in different periods.%通过文献资料整合及逻辑推理方法，从竞技体育角度出发，探析运动项目的性质、特征，辨析专项能力与竞技能力的关系。确定乒乓球性质、特征的同时，探析乒乓球专项能力训练的思路。主要得出如下结论：运动项目性质、特征可从竞技制胜因素及规律中来提炼；运动项目、性质决定着专项能力的构成；专项能力相对于竞技能力，更直接与比赛制胜发生关系。竞技乒乓球是以技术发展为根基，以控制与反控制为主旋律，以快、准、狠、转、变作为制胜关键的一项执拍类隔网对抗性竞技运动；乒乓球运动员专项能力的发展在不同时期，有着不同的侧重及要求。