从关联理论视角简析总统辩论中认知语境的作用

摘要

本文以关联理论为视角，选用明示-推理模式，以美国总统大选辩论为语料，分析认知语境在话语构建中的作用。本文发现，辩论双方通过使用非关联或者欠关联的话语方式扩大、缩小、偏移或者重建认知语境，从而达到回避问题、抨击对手、自我实现的语用效果，认知语境的改变成为有效的语用策略。%The paper aims to analyze function of cognitive context in conversation construction with ostensive -inferential model of Relevance Theory. The paper takes presidential debate as data to find that both sides in debate try to enlarge, reduce or re-construct cognitive context in ostensive-inferential model. Both sides in debates choose ostensive information to guide the cognitive context formation of audience which taken as a way to do evasive reply for sharp question or attack opponent or promote their policies. Therefore, rebuild cognitive context can be used as pragmatic method in the debating.