动词体与礼貌

摘要

动词的时体形式是表达礼貌的手段之一。俄语中的完成体/未完成体形式也能参与礼貌表达,但适用对象的性质有所不同。俄语中完成体命令式形式适宜用于维持形式距离的言语活动中,它所表达的是形式礼貌;未完成体命令式有时会因为行为符合受话人的意愿,表达的是真实礼貌。%Verbal aspect is one of the means of expressing politeness, so do Russian perfect and imperfect aspects, which characterize different kinds of politeness. The perfect aspect in Russian is a most widely used way in verbal activities expressing formal distance, which expresses formal politeness; while the imperfect aspect expresses true politeness, for the behaviors follow the speaker＇ s willingness.