宪法实施的中国图景

摘要

世界各国的宪法实施可分为立法审查、司法审查、专门机关审查等模式；中国宪法的实施图景，就深深蕴藏于人民代表大会制度之中，但我国宪法和立法法所确立的违宪审查模式并没有相应践行，“适用宪法规范解决宪法争议”的实践在现实生活中也没有出现，学者们在认同我国现存政治制度正当性以及存在宪法实施的前提下寻求新的研究思路。我国完整的宪法实施制度包括宪法监督制度、宪法解释制度、备案审查制度、宪法日制度、宪法宣誓制度五部分内容。%The modes of implementation of the constitution in different countries can be divided into legislative review,judicial review,and review by specialized agencies,and so on.The implementationscenario of Chinese constitution is deeply contained in the System of People’s Congress.But the modes of consititutional judicial review established by the consititution and Legislation Law have not been put into practice accordingly,and the practice of “applying constitutional norms to resolve constitutional issues”has not become ture as well. Scholars try to seek new research ideas based on recognition of the existing political system.The whole system of constitutional implementation in China includes five subsystems, namely, constitutional spervision, constitutional interpretation,record review,constitutional day,and constitutinal oath.