不同类型烟草游离态和糖苷结合态中性香气成分含量比较

摘要

采用SDE-GC/MS法,对产于四川的4种不同类型烟草(烤烟、白肋烟、香料烟、地方晒烟)游离态和糖苷结合态中性香气成分进行了分析测定.结果表明,不同类型烟草均存在游离态和糖苷结合态中性香气成分,游离态中性香气成分总量表现为烤烟＞白肋烟＞晒烟＞香料烟,其中烤烟的新植二烯含量占有较大比重,除去新植二烯外的中性香气成分含量以晒烟和香料烟最高,白肋烟次之,烤烟最低,香料烟中茄酮含量高,所占比重较大.糖苷结合态中性香气成分总量表现为烤烟＞晒烟＞白肋烟＞香料烟,除新植二烯外的糖苷结合态中性香气成分以及糖苷结合态与游离态中性香气成分的比例均以烤烟最高,其他3种晾晒烟差异较小.4种类型烟叶共有的香气成分多对烟叶香气贡献较大,但不同成分糖苷结合态和游离态的比例不同,新植二烯、糠醛主要以游离态形式存在,烤烟中的巨豆三烯酮主要以糖苷结合态存在,在晾晒烟中2种形态比例变异较大,茄酮在不同类型烟草中均以游离态为主,且在香料烟中游离态占绝对优势.%The SDE-GC/MS (Simultaneous distillation extraction-GC/MS) method was used to analyze the contents of free and glycosidic neutral aroma components in cured leaves of 4 tobacco types (flue-cured, burley, oriental, and sun-cured tobaccos) produced in Sichuan Province. The results showed that all the 4 tobacco types had free and glycosidic aroma components. The total amount of free neutral aroma components followed the order of flue-cured tobacco > burley tobacco > sun-cured tobacco > oriental tobacco. In flue-cured tobacco, neophytadiene accounted for a large proportion, so the content of total free aroma components excluding neophytadiene was the highest in sun-cured tobacco and oriental tobacco, followed by burley tobacco, then lowest in flue-cured tobacco. Solanone content was the highest in oriental tobacco among the 4 types with the greatest proportion in total aroma fraction. The total amount of glycosidic neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco was the highest, followed by sun-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and oriental tobacco. In addition, the content of total glycosidic aroma components excluding neophytadiene and the ratio of glycosidic to free aromacomponents in flue-cured tobacco were the highest, and there was no significant difference among the other 3 tobacco types. The aroma components found both in free and glycoside forms in the 4 tobacco types were those making great contribution to tobacco leaf aroma; the proportion of glycoside form to free form of these neutral aroma components were different among the 4 tobacco types. Neophytadiene and furaldehyde mainly existed in free form, while megastigmatrienone mainly existed in glycoside form in flue-cured tobacco, which had great variation in the sun-cured tobacco and air-cured tobacco. Sol-anone mainly existed in free form, which was dominant in the oriental tobacco.