黑龙江东部某牛场泌乳牛跛行调查及其与产奶量、胎次和干物质采食量的关系研究

摘要

The relationship among milk production,parity,DMI and lameness was investigated by using 5 point scale locomotion score (LS)in one farm from the eastern part of Heilongjiang province,the average milk production,parity and DMI of 376 milking cows were recorded at the same time. Results of LS showed that the score was as follows:42 (11.17%)for score 1,83 (22.07%)for score 2,187(49.73%)for score 3,50(13.30%)for score 4 and 14(3.72%)for score 5. The further statistical analysis was conducted that milk production,DMI was negatively correlated with locomotion score,and parity was positively correlated with locomotion score. Milk production was affected seriously by lameness,and compared to LS=1,the milk production of LS=4 reduced 7 kg every day. The situation of lameness for milking cows in this farm and the relationship among milk production,parity,DMI and LS were understood clearly and definitely by investigating LS,which provided the basis for effects on cow production,preventing and treating lameness.%为了调查泌乳奶牛跛行与产奶量、胎次和干物质采食量（DMI）的关系，研究采用5分制跛行评价标准，对黑龙江东部某牛场376头泌乳奶牛进行跛行评价，同时记录每头实验泌乳奶牛的平均日产奶量（kg·d-1）、胎次和DMI。跛行评分结果显示，1分泌乳奶牛头数为42（11.17%），2分泌乳奶牛头数为83（22.07%），3分泌乳奶牛头数为187（49.73%），4分泌乳奶牛头数为50（13.30%），5分泌乳奶牛头数为14（3.72%）。进一步统计分析结果显示，产奶量、DMI与跛行评分呈负相关，胎次与跛行评分呈正相关；跛行严重影响泌乳奶牛的产奶量，1分与4分泌乳奶牛相比，日产奶量相差约7 kg。研究通过跛行评分调查，明确了该牛场泌乳奶牛跛行情况，以及跛行评分与产奶量、胎次、DMI的关系，为奶牛跛行的防治及其对奶牛生产的影响提供了基础。