儒家管理思想中的特殊主义取向及其价值重构

摘要

儒家管理思想的核心是仁者爱人、做人以礼、为政以德，儒家通过内省的方式来实现仁、礼、德的有机结合。儒家管理思想偏重于特殊主义取向，具体表现为爱有差等的仁、等级分化的礼和流于形式的德，其带来的不良后果是自由的窒息、平等的缺失和法治的无效。故此，儒家的管理思想若要为人类“超越现代性”而提供更为有益的理论借鉴和实践启迪，则需从特殊主义走向普遍主义，并与西方的管理思想进行有机的融合。%The core thought of Confucianism management is benevolence and love to others , conducting oneself with courtesy , governing by morality , and via the way of introspection to achieve organic combination of benevolence , courtesy , morality.The Confucianism management thoughts with the bias of particularism , it displays as the benev-olence that is love with distinct , the courtesy that is caste stratification , and the morality which become a mere for-mality.Particularism orientation has brought the adverse consequences , which mainly include the asphyxia of free-dom, the lack of equality and the unavailability of law .So if Confucianism want to provide useful management thought and enlightenment of practice for humans to "beyond modernity", it need to move from particularism toward universalism , and integrate with western management thoughts organically .