李白《雪谗诗赠友人》的旨归及真伪问题之我见

摘要

The theme of Li Bai’s poem“Snow‐bitten Poem to My Friend”has been discussed since the Song Dynasty but has not achieved an agreement .Analyzing the theme from the text itself ,this paper prefers the ideas of Annotations to Collection of Li Bai written by Qu Tuiyuan and Zhu Jingcheng ,and believes the theme of this poem is Li Bai’s explanation towards the misunderstanding with his friends .Since the Song Dynasty ,the issue of the poem’s authenticity has been raised because of the understanding of the poem’s theme .The people ,who believe this poem is a counterfeit ,think that this poem intends to criticize Lady Yang .However ,it is a wrong starting point ;thus ,it is not convincing .What’s more ,from the perspective of literature ,the allusion and style are in line with Li Bai’s style .Therefore ,this poem is not a counterfeit .%李白的《雪谗诗赠友人》内容主旨究竟何指，自宋代至今一直众说纷纭，没有定论。从文本出发分析诗歌的主旨，笔者比较同意瞿蜕园、朱金城所校注《李白集校注》一书中的看法，认为此诗主旨就在于李白辩解与友人之间的中冓之嫌。宋代以来，此诗又由对主旨的理解问题引出了作品的真伪问题。但怀疑此诗为伪作的说法都是以认为此诗主旨为讥刺杨贵妃为出发点的，则结论自然也不会使人信服。且从文学的角度来看，此诗的用典和遣词用字正符合李白一贯的风格，因而此诗为伪作的可能性不大。