从«说文»段注看毛、许释义之不同--兼论毛、许传写讹误及段引«毛传»之失

摘要

Shuo Wen Jie Zi is a book analyzing the form of a word to explain its original meaning.Mao Zhuan is a book interpreting the meaning of words in The Book of Songs,most of which is texture explanation.Although Mao Xu has several versions of Mao Zhuan,there are differences in the accuracy when explaining the meaning,interpreting words and Songs,and analyzing words.This article attempts to make some contrast and analysis on these differences,and at the same time comment on the errors made by Mao Xu and his faults and Duan’s citing of Mao Zhuan.%«说文解字»主要通过分析字形解释本义，而«毛传»则解释上古文献«诗经»中的词义，多为随文释义。许书虽多宗«毛传»，但在释义的精确度、说字与说经、浑言与析言等方面存在差异。段玉裁现看到“许宗毛”，又看到毛、许释义存在一定的差异，他在认真校勘的基础上，以毛正许，以许正毛，订正了不少讹误，但也有引«毛传»之失。