从家训看明清士大夫对家庭人际关系的期许

摘要

明清时期,深受传统文化濡染的士大夫在家训中论及夫妻、父子等家庭内部最基本的人际关系时,虽然也主张夫义、父慈,但更注重的是妇顺、子孝,表现出夫妇、父子关系中的不对等性特点：即夫妻关系的主从性和父子关系的等级性,这些现象表明传统社会后期理学及家长制、宗法制的强化对明清士大夫关于家庭人际关系的理念产生了深远影响。%In ging and Qing dynasties, when mentioned the basic family rehtionship between husband- wife and father- son, scholar- ha- reauerat who were deeply influenced by the traditional culture, paid monre attention to whether women followed men's guidance and gdaether children show filial devotion for parcms, indicating the unequal eha.,aeteritics of husband- wife and father- son although they advocate man' s righteousness and kindness. The unequal relationship indicates the thought that Ming and Qing dynasties gentry to the fanily relation- ship were impacted by the traditional social science, the legal system and the patrimhal gystem