桁架类结构广泛应用于桥梁、建筑和各种机架中,其中存在大量相似的焊点,针对客车车架有限元建模过程中焊点构建效率低和相互之间存在差异的问题,提出了基于点云配准的方法快速完成焊点的构建.首先分析车架各分总成中型材间的焊接接头结构和类型,在有限元网格划分完成的基础上,对于数量较多、拓扑结构一致且尺寸相近的接头,提取其网格和节点信息并构建焊点形成等效接头;然后建立各分总成的等效接头集合;最后使用主成分分析法和迭代就近点算法将集合内的等效接头点云和车架上相应的接头点云进行配准,使用点云融合完成焊点的构建,有效地解决了车架焊点构建过程中存在的问题.%Truss structures are widely used in bridges, buildings and various frames, where a large number of similar solder joints exist, aiming at the problem of low efficiency and mutual difference on welding joints in the process of finite element modeling of bus frame, a method based on point cloud registration is proposed to rapidly construct the welding joints of profiles. Firstly, the structure and types of welding joints in the different parts of the bus frame are analyzed, on the basis of finite element mesh, for a large number of joints with similar topological structure and size, the mesh and node information are extracted, and then construct the equivalent joints and set of each part. Finally, principal component analysis and iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm are used to register the equivalent joint points and the corresponding cloud points on the frame, construct the welding joints by using point cloud fusion and the former problems are solved effectively.
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