生物柴油调合对其低温流动性能的改善

摘要

为了了解生物柴油中脂肪酸甲酯组成对其低温流动性能的影响,探索改善其流动性能的方法,以大豆油、花生油和牛油为原料合成了大豆油甲酯、花生油甲酯和牛油甲酯,测定了它们的脂肪酸甲酯组成和低温流动性能.结果表明,长碳链饱和脂肪酸甲酯的含量是影响生物柴油低温流动性能的主要因素.通过对混合生物柴油流动性能的测定,发现可以通过不同来源生物柴油的调合改善其流动性能.对于一些高倾点生物柴油,通过油品调合改善低温流动性能的效果比添加石化柴油降凝剂的效果明显.此外,通过偏振光显微镜观察生物柴油的结晶形态,分析了脂肪酸甲酯的结晶机理.%In order to know the influence of the composition of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) on the lowtemperature fluidity of biodiesel, and to find the way to improve it, the soybean oil methyl ester, peanut oil methyl ester and tallow oil methyl ester were synthesized from soybean oil, peanut oil and tallow oil.Their FAME composition and low-temperature fluidity have been determined.The results show that saturated long chain FAMEs are the main reason to influence the fluidity of biodiesel.The fluidity of biodiesel blends suggests that mixing FAMEs from different sources would decrease its pour point (PP) and cold filter plugging point (CFPP).The improvement of fluidity by blending is greater than that of adding fluidity improver into high-PP biodiesels.Furthermore, the mechanism of crystallization of FAME was analyzed by observation from polarized light microscope.