监狱警察和精神科医护人员职业倦怠调查分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the work related fatigue among prison police and mental medical staffs; to compare the social support between two groups; to develop specific intervention strategies in the future. Methods The Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMBI) and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were applied to 100 prison police and 100 mental medical staffs respectively. Their status of work related fatigue and relevant social support were analyzed accordingly. Results 1) The level of fatigue among prison police was higher than mental medical staffs (P<0.05); 2) The factor scores of "emotional burnout" and "depersonalization" among prison police were higher than that among mental medical staffs(P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups on the "decreased sense of achievement" (P>0.05); 3) The level of social support in the prison police was higher than that in the mental medical staffs (P< 0.05). Conclusion Both prison police and mental medical staffs were vulnerable to suffering from fatigue. However, the details and relevant social support between these two groups were different. Active intervention should be taken for different occupation.%目的 了解监狱警察及精神科医护人员在职业倦怠、社会支持情况上的异同,以期制定针对性的干预措施. 方法 采用职业倦怠问卷-中文版(Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory,CMBI)和社会支持评定量表(Social Support Rating Scale,SSRS),分别对某精神病院医护人员和某男监狱的警察各100人,进行工作倦怠及社会支持的调查. 结果 (1)监狱警察的倦怠程度高于医护人员(P＜0.05)；(2)监狱警察的耗竭、人格解体高于医护人员(P＜0.05),而成就感降低在两组间差异无统计学意义(p＞0.05)；(3)监狱警察的社会支持高于医护人员(P＜0.05). 结论 监狱警察和医护人员都容易产生职业倦怠,但具体表现和获得的社会支持不同,应积极、有针对性地采取有效干预措施,以改善不同职业群体的职业倦怠.