目的：分析生前精神异常的水中尸体的特点，为此类案件鉴定和分析提供参考。方法调查2010年1月至2014年6月上海市公安局水上公安局检验的所有生前精神异常的水中尸体档案105例，对死者一般情况、尸检情况、案情调查情况和疾病史进行统计分析。结果自杀104例，死者受教育程度较低，天气较暖时案件较多，尸体多在2d内被发现。多数死者没有自杀史，没有遗书，但在临死前出现行为、心理的异常变化。抑郁症、抑郁状态和精神分裂症是主要的精神障碍类型，仅有9名死者曾坚持进行正规治疗。结论精神异常是投水自杀的高危因素，监护人员应该警惕患者的异常行为，特别是气温转暖时。%Objective To analyze the features of drowning victim s with psychiatric disorders to support further investigation on such cases. Methods O ne hundred and five archives of drowning victim s with psychiatric disorders from January 2010 to June 2014 in H arbor Public Security Subbureau, Shanghai Public Security B ureau were reviewed. The decedents’ general inform ation, autopsy findings, case inves-tigation data and disease histories were statistically analyzed. Results O f the 105 cases, 104 were sui-cides. Most decedents were poorly educated. Most suicides occurred in warm clim ate, and the corpses were usually found within 2 days. Most decedents had no suicide history and notes, but had abnorm al m ental or behavior changes before suicide. D epression, depression status and schizophrenia were the m ain types of psychiatric disorders, and only 9 decedents had received regular therapies before their deaths. Conclusion Mental disorder is a high risk factor in the drowning victim s. G uardians should be aware of psychotic abnorm al behaviors, especially during warm clim ate seasons.
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