X射线荧光光谱分析法在土壤重金属检测中的应用研究进展

摘要

X射线荧光光谱分析法以快速、无损、分析成本低且可多元素同时分析和原地检测的优点在重金属检测领域得到广泛应用，特别是在土壤重金属检测中发挥了重要的作用。本研究简要阐述了X射线荧光光谱分析法检测土壤重金属的基本原理。综述了国内外X射线荧光光谱分析法应用于土壤重金属检测方面的研究进展，分别对X射线荧光光谱分析法在土壤重金属检出限、模型方法优化和X射线荧光土壤重金属检测仪研制与应用等方面进行了重点介绍。在检测模型分析方面，发现采用神经网络与遗传算法结合算法，可以大幅度提高模型的实用性；检测仪器的研发趋势为小型化、多功能化、智能化，方便快捷和检测精度提升。最后展望了X射线荧光光谱分析法在土壤重金属检测中的应用前景。%ABSTRACT:X-ray fluorescence spectrometry is a rapid, nondestructive, low cost, multi-element analysis and in-situ detection technology. It is applied on the detection of heavy metals, especially plays an important role on detection of soil heavy metals. This paper first briefly introduced the principle of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry on the detection of soil heavy metals, reviewed the recent progress of studies on the application of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry on the detection of soil heavy metals, then focused on the study process of detection limit, model optimization and detection instrument of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry on the detection of soil heavy metals. As for analysis of detection model, the combination of neural network and genetic algorithm could greatly improve the practicability of the model. The development trend of the detection instrument was miniaturization, multi-function, intelligent, convenient and quick, improvement of the detection accuracy. Finally, this paper gave a prospect for detection of heavy metals in soil by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.