牙鲆自净式养殖槽中异养细菌和硝化细菌数量及硝化速率

摘要

Six ponds were designed for the test, each 60 cm×24 cm×40 cm witha density of Paralichthys olivaceus at 70～80 inds/m2 and body weight 4～8 g. Among those, 4 ponds were equiped with recircling filters and covered with sand on the bottoms and 2 ponds were controls without filters nor sand. All fish were fed 3 times per day with formulated feed for 30 d. The results show that in the test ponds the numbers of heterotrophic bacteria in water and sand were 2.32×104 CFU/ml and 2.89×106 CFU/ml (wet sand); the nitrite bacteria were 3.0×102 ml-1 and 2.0×104 ml-1 (wet sand), respectively. At water temperature 20℃, the ammonia oxidation rates in water and sand were 0.032 mg/(L.d) and 7.59 mg/(L.d)(wet sand); the nitrite oxidation rates were 0.259 mg/(L.d) and 28.0 mg/(L.d), respectively. While in the controls, the average numbers of heterotrophic bacteria, nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria were 1.38×106 CFU/ml, 3.5×103 and 3.5×103 ml-1, respectively, and the oxidation rates of ammonia and nitrite were 0.712 mg/(L.d) and 1.56 mg/(L.d) in water, respectively.%对牙鲆(Paralichthysolivaceus)自净式养殖槽水层和过滤沙层的异养细菌和硝化细菌数量及硝化速率进行了研究，测得装有循环过滤装置的水槽水中和沙粒上异养细菌平均数量分别为2.32×104CFU／ml和2.89×106CFU／ml(湿沙)，亚硝酸细菌分别为3.0×102ml-1和2.0×104ml-1(湿沙)，硝酸细菌分别为2.0×10ml-1和3.0×103ml-1(湿沙)。水和沙粒的氨氧化速率平均分别为0.032mg／(L.d)和7.59mg／(L.d)(湿沙)，亚硝酸氧化速率分别为0.259和28.0mg／(L*d)。无循环过滤装置的水槽水中异养细菌、亚硝酸细菌和硝酸细菌平均数量分别为1.38×106CFU／ml、3.5×103和3.5×103ml-1，氨和亚硝酸氧化速率分别为0.712和1.56mg／(L.d)。