养殖半滑舌鳎仔稚鱼骨骼畸形的发生过程

摘要

采用硬骨-软骨双染色技术对半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther)早期发育阶段仔稚鱼全骨骼进行染色,研究其骨骼畸形发生的时间与部位及相应部位的畸形类型.实验结果表明,1～50日龄半滑舌鳎仔稚鱼的32批次495个骨骼标本中,骨骼畸形类型有14种,主要表现为脊椎骨的融合、增生、局部肥大,髓棘和脉棘的分叉和分离,尾鳍的分叉等.骨骼畸形主要发生于变态后期(25日龄)和变态后(40日龄),2个发育阶段的畸形率分别31.58％和25％.骨骼畸形的部位多见于脊柱的PH、HE和CA区,CE区尚未发现畸形.骨骼畸形会严重影响鱼类的外部形态、减缓生长及降低其市场价值.本研究初步探讨了养殖条件下半滑舌鳎骨骼畸形的发生过程,为阐明其早期发育机制及优化苗种培育和养殖条件等提供基础资料.%The tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis Giinther) is an increasingly important marine flatfish with significant potential for aquaculture China. We documented skeletal development and deformities in tank-reared C. Semilaevis larvae and juveniles (n=459). The specimens were double stained with alcian blue and alizarin red. We identified 14 types of skeletal malformations, including vertebral body fusion, hyperplasia, local hypertrophy, detached haemal and neural spines, bifurcated haemal and neural spines, and a bifurcated caudal fin. These skeletal malformations were most common during the post-metamorphosis stage (day 25, 31.8% of specimens) and later during metamorphosis (day 40, 25% of specimens). Malformations were most common in the PH (prehaemal region), HE (haemal region), and CA (caudal region) of the vertebral column, but were absent in the CE (cephalic region). Our results provide insight into the developmental process and optimization of rearing conditions for C. Semilaevis.