We performed complete diallel crosses from 5 complete set selection lines of Oujiang color common carp (Cyprinus carpio var. color). We then analyzed the combining ability and heterosis of 6 reproductive traits in the Fl, including male gonadosomatic index (M_GSI), female gonadosomatic index (F_GSI), absolute fecundity (AF), relative fecundity (RF), fertilization rate (FR), and hatching rate (HR), using biostatistics and quantitative genetics methods. We observed obvious differences among the reproductive traits between the different mating combinations. The highest FGSI and HR were found in combinations in which the mother was "whole red with small black spots" (RS). The highest AF and RF were observed in combinations in which the mother was "whole red" (WR). Conversely, the values for these reproductive traits were low for combinations in which the mother was "whole white with big black spots" (RB). The phenotypic correlations among FGSI, AF, and RF were significantly positive (r=0.411-0.847, F=0.01-0.04). We detected significant specific combining ability (SCA) for F_GSI, AF, and RF. Ten combinations were detected with predicted specific combining ability (SCA) and heterosis (H). Additionally, there was a significant correlation between SCA and heterosis for M_GSI, FGSI, AF, RF, and HR (r=0.959-0.985, P＜0.0l). Our results provided baseline data to guide breeding of complete set lines of Oujiang color common carp.%以瓯江彩鲤(Cyprinus carpio var.color)5个配套选育系进行双列杂交产生的F1的数据为分析对象,利用统计学和数量遗传学方法对6个繁殖性状(雄鱼性腺指数、雌鱼性腺指数、绝对繁殖力、相对繁殖力、受精率和孵化率)进行了配合力测定和杂交优势分析.结果发现,不同组合间的繁殖性状存在较大差异,但以“麻花”作母本的交配组合的平均雌鱼性腺指数和孵化率最高,以“全红”作母本的交配组合的绝对繁殖力和相对繁殖力最高,以“粉花”作母本的交配组合的所有繁殖性状参数均较差；雌鱼性腺指数与绝对繁殖力、相对繁殖力之间均存在显著的表型相关(r=0.411 ～ 0.847,P=0.01～0.04),绝对繁殖力与相对繁殖力之间存在极显著的表型相关(r=0.847,P＜0.01)；雌鱼性腺指数、绝对繁殖力和相对繁殖力3个性状检测到显著的特殊配合力；通过遗传效应预测,10个杂交组合均存在特殊配合力与杂交优势预测值,其雄鱼性腺指数、雌鱼性腺指数、绝对繁殖力、相对繁殖力和孵化率的杂交优势与特殊配合力均呈极显著相关(r=0.959 ～ 0.985,P＜0.01).本研究结果为瓯江彩鲤配套系育种提供了参考数据.
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