斑节对虾幼虾不同家系的耐低盐能力比较

摘要

With the development of intensive aquaculture and deterioration of aquacultural environment, it is necessary to select new strains of high resistance to adverse environmental elements and diseases. Salinity is an important abiotic factor in aquaculture, affecting physiological activities in aquatic organisms. In order to select newPenaeus monodon families of low salinity resistance, salinity 0, 0.5 and 1 were used to evaluate the low-salinity-resistant ability of 11P. monodon families. The results of acute stress experiment showed that the salinity 1 didn't have a serious impact on the survival of P. monodon. All the 11 families were able to adapt to the salinity 1, so 1 salinity stress experiment cannot be used as reference standard of assessment of low salinity tolerance. Salinity 0 and salinity 0.5 had a strong influence on the survival of P. monodon, and all the families eventually died out completely and the survival of different families at the median lethal time were significant different from each other. And results of salinity 0 stress experiment and salinity 0.5 stress experiment had a certain consistency, so salinity 0 and salinity 0.5 can be used as a reference standard to evaluate the low salinity tolerance of P. monodon. According to results of salinity stress experiments, the low-salinity-resistant ability of family J(♀61619×♂61548), family I(♀61173×♂61615), family H(♀61116×♂61625) and family K(♀61689×♂61504) was much stronger than other families, and the low-salinity-resistant ability of family G(♀61685×♂61569), family C(♀61109×♂61537), and family A(♀61119×♂61583) was the weakest. And compared with Thailand strain and Indonesian strain of P. monodon, the African strain has a stronger resistance to low salinity. This study provides four candidate families for low salinity tolerant families selection of P. monodon and has the potential to be the theoretical basis for breeding of P. monodon.%为了选育斑节对虾耐低盐新品系,以11个不同品系亲本的斑节对虾家系作为材料,使用0、0.5以及1三个盐度对其进行急性胁迫实验.结果显示,盐度1对斑节对虾的存活率影响不大,各家系都能良好适应,所以不适合作为评估家系耐低盐能力的胁迫浓度.盐度0.5与盐度0对斑节对虾的胁迫作用较强,各家系最终全部死亡,半致死时间的存活率在各家系间存在显著差异,而且盐度0与盐度0.5胁迫的结果具有一定一致性,所以盐度0与盐度0.5都可以作为评估斑节对虾家系耐低盐能力的胁迫浓度.研究表明,J(♀61619×♂61548非×泰)、I(♀61173×♂61615泰×非)、H(♀61116×♂61625泰×非)和K(♀61689×♂61504非×泰)4个家系的耐低盐能力较强,可以作为候选家系应用于耐低盐家系的选育工作.