The aim of this study was to explore cytogenetic characteristics of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)and compare the interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH) with conventional cytogenetic (CC) analysis. Atotal number of 157 APL patients were recruited in this study, and the I-FISH and CC were applied to analyze cytogenetic features. Chromosome samples of bone marrow cells were prepared by short-term culture. Out of all 157 cases, 136 were observed with CC assay, 66 with I-FISH, of which 45 samples were analyzed with both methods. The results showed that among all 136 CC samples, t(15;17) (q22;q21) was found in 120 cases, of which 107 cases was isolated t( 15; 17 )( q22; q21 ) abnormality, 13 cases was complex abnormalities and 12 case without mitotic figure.Among all 66 eases of I-FISH group, PMI/RARα fusion gene was found in 64 cases (97.0％), suggesting that I-FISH group was more sensitive than CC group (p =0.041 ). It is concluded that combination of I-FISH and CC techniques plays a pivotal role for diagnosis and detection of minimal residual disease in APL.%本研究主要探讨急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)细胞遗传学特征并比较间期荧光原位杂交技术(I-FISH)和常规染色体核型分析技术(CC).应用常规染色体核型分析及I-FISH技术对157例APL患者细胞遗传学特征进行研究,采用短期培养法制备骨髓细胞染色体,应用染色体R显带技术对136例拟诊APL患者进行常规细胞遗传学检测,其中对45例同时进行了CC和I-FISH检测,对其余21例仅进行I-FISH分析.结果表明:136例进行CC分析的APL患者中,120例(88.2%)存在t(15;17)(q22;q21)易位,其中107例(78.7%)为单纯t(15;17)(q22;q21)易位,13例(9.6%)为伴t(15;17)(q22;q21)异位的复杂核型异常;在16例无t(15;17)(q22;q21)易位的APL患者中1例(0.7%)为t(5;17)(q24;q21)易位,3例(2.2%)正常核型,12例(8.8%)未见分裂相.在所有66例进行FISH检测的APL患者中,64例存在PMI/RARα融合基因,其阳性率为97.0%,灵敏度显著高于常规染色体核型分析(p=0.041);而5例其他类型AML患者和5例正常标本均未检出PMI/RARα融合基因.结论:常规染色体核型分析和间期荧光杂交技术联合分析APL患者细胞遗传学特征是诊断该病和监测微小残留病的有力工具.
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