农村小微型幼儿园发展的价值、困境及路径

摘要

农村小微型幼儿园是教育体系中最薄弱而又具有独特价值的学前教育机构，它对保障留守学前儿童受教育权，实现教育公平，引领乡村文明，实施留守儿童教育补偿，奠定其终身发展具有重要的价值。但农村小微型幼儿园的发展面临理论与实现双重困境，即乡土化与城市化、效率与公平的理论困境；政策层面合理性存在与制度设计不完善、师资层面生存境遇与道德主义的要求、地域层面多重贫困与多重期待的实现困境。发展农村小微型幼儿园需要设计合理的发展路径，即县级为主三级联动的宏观统筹路径、区域园际联盟协同发展的中观共生路径和彰显乡村文明的微观特色路径。%The small kindergartens in rural areas are the weakest preschool institutions with their u-nique value in the education system.They assure left-behind preschoolers’right to education and make ed-ucational equality realized gradually;they lead rural civilization and carry out educational compensation for left-behind children,which plays an important role in lifelong development of left-behind children.But the small kindergartens face the double dilemmas in theory and practice.In theory,they face the theoretical dilemma of rural localization and urbanization,and efficiency and justice,In practice,as for policy,they face the dilemma of the reasonable existence and the deficiency in system designing;as for staff,they face the dilemma of the needs of living and the requirements of morality;as for the location,they face the di-lemma of multiple poverty and multiple expectations.In order to develop rural small kindergartens,we need design reasonable development approaches:the macro approach of county-centered co-ordination at three levels,the co-existing approach of kindergartens in a particular area acting in joint manner for coordi-nated development,and the micro unique approach of bringing out rural culture.