浙江仙居典型中亚热带常绿阔叶林样地的群落特征

摘要

括苍山省级自然保护区是浙江省内少有的一个天然植物"基因库"和"植物博物馆".2016年,在括苍山省级自然保护区建立了1 hm2的森林动态监测样地,完成了第1次野外调查,并从物种组成、区系特征、径级结构和空间分布格局等方面分析了其群落特征.结果显示:样地内有维管植物68科126属194种.其中乔木层胸径≥1 cm的木本植物36科67属121种;热带性质的科和属分别占总科和属数的66.67%和59.70%,温带性质的科和属分别占33.33%和38.81%.样地内国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级重点保护野生植物分别有1和2种.列入《中国生物多样性红色名录:高等植物卷》中的"近危"以上等级的物种10种,被列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)附录Ⅱ1种,中国特有种53种,具有良好的保护和研究价值.稀有种23种,占总树种数的19.01%.重要值最大的为甜槠(Castanopsis eyrei)8.69%,其次为鹿角杜鹃(Rhododendron latoucheae)6.80%和木荷(Schima superba)5.92%.平均胸径为6.95 cm,小径级木较多.空间分布格局分析结果表明,不同的物种在空间分布上存在一定的规律.%The Xianju Kuocangshan Provincial Nature Reserve is regarded by experts as a natural plant"gene pool" and"plant museum" in rarely existing in Zhejiang Province. In 2016, a large-scaled forest dynamics monitoring plot was estab-lished in the Kuocangshan Mountain with an area of 1 hm2 , and based on the international protocols, a field survey of plant communities was conducted for the first time and community characteristics of the sampling plot analyzed from the as-pects of species composition, flora feature, diameter class structure, and spatial distribution pattern. Results show that a total of 194 species of vascular plants were found and identified belonging to 126 genera and 68 families, in the plot. A-mong them there were 121 species of 67 genera and 36 families of arbor plants with DBH≥1 cm. Plant families and gene-ra of tropical nature accounted for 66. 67% and 59. 70% of their respective totals, while plants families and genera of tem-perate nature accounted for 33. 33% and 38. 81% of their respective totals. The plot was home to one and two species of wild plant under the national Grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ priority protection, 10 species listed as nearly endangered or higher in en-dangered level in the Biodiversity Red List of China, one species listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endan-gered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora ( CITES) ( AppendixⅡ) , 53 species unique to China, indicating that merit sound protection and in-depth research, and 23 species, rare and precious ( less than 1 ind·hm-2 ) accounting for 19. 01% of the total number of tree species. Castanopsis eyrei was the highest in importance value (Ⅳ) , reaching 8. 69%, and fol-lowed by Rhododendron latoucheae (6. 80%) and Schima superba(5. 92%), with mean DBH being 6. 95 cm, indicating that most of the trees were low in DBH in this plot. The analysis of spatial distribution pattern shows that different species of plants varied in spatial distribution, but followed certain rules, separately.