摘要：Accumulation and distribution of dry matter, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in rhizome lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) were studied by pot experiment for two years. Results showed that, in seeding stages, accumulation of photosynthesis products in leaves was the main growing process. After swollen stem formation, dry matter in leaves, petioles,and rhizomes were distributed to the swollen rhizomes, during which yield formation was the main process. Total dry matter accumulation showed a "slow-quick-stable" changing ten dency,and was significantly correlated to the total accumulation of N, P,and K. The ratio of total N,P,and K accumulation in the plant was 1:0.12: 1.31. Between 97 d -160 d after transplanting was the key stage for yield formation,during which not only N, P,and K in leaves, petioles and rhizomes were distributed to the swollen rhizomes together with dry matter transport,but also more soil N,P,and K were absorbed by roots and directly transported to the swollen rhizomes. The N,P and K absorbed from soil were 69. 8％ ,79. 2％ ,and 75. 0％ of the total accumulation rates in the period respectively. At 160 d,the accumulation of dry matter, N, P,and K in the swollen rhizomes contained 81.1％ ,85.1％ ,88. 8％ ,and 80. 2％ of the total accumulation in the lotus plant, respectively.%连续2年采用盆栽试验研究了莲藕(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn)干物质和氮磷钾养分的累积与分配规律.结果表明:莲藕苗期以叶片生长并积累光合产物为主,膨大根状茎成型后,叶片、叶柄和根状茎中的干物质不断运输并贮存到膨大根状茎中,以产量形成为主,干物质累积总量增长呈"慢-快-稳定"的变化趋势;氮磷钾累积量与干物质累积量变化趋势一致,并与之呈极显著正相关,莲藕氮磷钾养分累积总量之比为1:0.12:1.31.移栽后97～160 d是莲藕产量形成的关键时期,不仅叶片、叶柄和根状茎中的氮磷钾随同干物质运输并贮存到膨大根状茎中,根系还从土壤中吸收更多的氮磷钾直接运输并贮存到膨大根状茎中,后者分别占同期氮磷钾累积量的69.8%、79.2%和75.0%.160 d膨大根状茎中干物质、氮、磷和钾累积量分别平均占植株总累积量的81.1%、85.2%、88.8%和80.2%.
