汽车碰撞试验中碰撞过程的运动及力学性能

摘要

以汽车碰撞试验为研究对象,分析归纳了摩擦力做功及阻挡杆变形能的计算方法,根据能量守恒的原则,给出了碰撞过程的能量平衡模型,构建了对碰撞过程中滑车的运动以及阻挡杆的变形进行计算的数学模型,并提出了一种利用计算机对该模型进行计算求解的计算方法.以Matlab为计算工具,编制了计算程序,结合一个具体的算例,研究滑车质量、初始碰撞速度、内侧柱销中心距、阻挡杆截面尺寸等因素对滑车位移、冲撞力、速度、以及减速度的影响规律,得到了相应的变化曲线,并对其进行了分析,得出了有益的结论.%The paper took the vehicle collision test as the research object,analyzed the calculation method of the friction work and deformation energy of the block bar.Based on the principle of energy conservation,the energy balance model of the collision process is described,and the mathematical model is built to calculate the movement of the sled and the deformation of the block bar during the collision process,and a calculation method is proposed to solve this model by Matlab.With a specific example,the influences of the quality of sled,the initial collision speed,the center distance of the inner pin,and the cross section size of the block and so on,the displacement,collision force,speed and deceleration are studied,and some curves are obtained and analyzed.