对恩格斯关于斯拉夫民族历史命运论断的再思考

摘要

Pan-Slavism was born in central and East Europe in the early nineteenth century, and was a kind of political movement for national self-determination and independence. From the overall interests of the proletar-ian revolution, Engles took an attitude against the Pan-Slavism movement, and made many negative judgments on the Slavonic status, role and fate in the future. The correct evaluation of Engels’ point of view about Slavdom historical destiny in the 1848 revolution, not only helps us to fully understand the national theory of Marxism classical writers, but also has important realistic meaning for our understanding of ethnic issues in the contem-porary world.%泛斯拉夫主义是19世纪初期在中东欧斯拉夫人中间出现的，为谋取各斯拉夫民族文化自决和民族独立而形成的政治运动。恩格斯从无产阶级革命的全局利益出发，对泛斯拉夫主义运动持有反对的态度，并对斯拉夫民族的地位、作用和未来命运做出了诸多否定性的论断。正确评价恩格斯在1848年革命中对斯拉夫民族历史命运做出的论断，不仅有助于我们全面理解经典作家的民族理论，而且对于我们认识当代世界的民族问题也有着重要的现实意义。