基于整车虚拟样机的车体结构拓扑优化

摘要

Based on geometry models of vehicle components,a rigid-flexible coupling virtual prototype of a certain tracked armored vehicle was constructed by vehicle body finite element model meshing and modal analysis.After the multi-body dynamics simulation of the prototype under several typical driving conditions,the loads acting on the vehicle body at several typical moments were exported and imposed on the body finite element model.The structural mechanics analysis and multi-load steps topology optimization of the body structure were carried out.According to the optimization results,local structure of the body was modified.A new virtual prototype was constructed by the improved body and the simulation was executed again,from which the stress and deformation results of the body were got.Comparison with the original results shows that the structure topology optimization technology which combines dynamics simulation with finite element analysis can improve the mechanical properties of the key components,enhance the stiffness and strength,which provides an effective means to improve the structural performance of armored vehicle.%基于整车零部件几何模型,结合车体的有限元网格划分及模态分析,构建履带装甲车辆刚柔混合虚拟样机,进行典型工况下的多体动力学仿真分析,输出若干关键时间点车体承受的荷载.利用有限元分析技术将荷载加载到车体有限元模型上,对车体进行结构力学分析和多荷载步拓扑优化.根据拓扑优化结果修改车体局部结构,并重新构建虚拟样机模型再次进行仿真分析,将应力和变形分析结果与原仿真结果进行比较.结果表明,结合动力学仿真和有限元分析进行结构拓扑优化,可以改善关键零部件的力学性能,提高刚强度,为改善装甲车辆的结构性能提供了一种有效方法.