为研究不同环境因子对曝气生物滤器硝化作用的影响,采用人工模拟海水养殖废水,研究了在不同温度 (10、 15、 20、 25、 30 ℃) 与不同pH值 (7. 0、 7. 5、 7. 7、 8. 0、 8. 5) 条件下,生物滤器 (玻璃材质,高60 cm,内部直径10 cm) 对总氨氮 (TAN)、亚硝酸盐氮 (NO－2－N) 的处理情况.结果表明: 在温度为10~25 ℃时,生物滤器对TAN、 NO－2－N的去除速率随着温度的上升不断增加;当温度为25 ℃、 pH为7. 7时生物滤器对TAN的体积去除速率最大,达到 (0. 793 1±0. 023 1) mg/ (L·h);当温度为25 ℃、pH为7. 5时,生物滤器对NO－2－N的去除速率明显高于其他处理组,并在150 min左右完成对NO－2－N的去除;试验过程中各处理组均存在不同程度的NO－2－N积累现象,在温度为10~25℃、 pH为7. 0~8. 5时这种现象随着温度和pH值的升高不断加剧.研究表明,相较于亚硝酸盐氧化菌 (NOB),氨氧化菌 (AOB) 对环境温度、 pH值变化适应能力更强,该研究结果可为曝气生物滤器的高效及稳定运行提供理论指导.%A plexiglass biological aerated filter( BAF) measured 60 cm in height and 10 cm in inner diameter had effective volume of 4 liter and composed of 64 annular hole plastic paddings with diameter of 2.5 cm and depth of 0.4 cm, efficient surface of 1200 m2/m3, with biofilm formation by recirculating water from turbot culture. The re-moval rates of total ammonia nitrogen ( TAN) and NO－2－N from artificial simulation of mariculture effluent prepared by food remnants, excrement and feces were determined by the BAF exposed to different temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 ℃ regulated by a heater and pH values of 7.0, 7.5, 7.7, 8.0, and 8.5 controlled by addition of HCl and NaOH to evaluate the effects of temperature and pH on the nitrification of the biofilter. It was found that the removal rate of TAN and NO－2－N by the biofilters was increased with the increase in temperature from 10℃ to 25 ℃, with the maximal removal rate (0.793 1±0.023 1) mg/( L·h) of TAN at 25 ℃ and pH 7.7. There was higher removal rate of NO－2－N at 25℃ and pH 7.5 than that in the other groups, complete removal of NO－2－N in a-bout 150 min. Moreover, accumulation of nitrite nitrogen ( AOB), to some extent, was observed in all groups, higher with increase in temperature and pH value within water temperature of 10－25 ℃, and pH of 7.0－8.5. The findings indicated that the ammonia oxidative bacteria( AOB) was more adaptable to the changes in ambient temper-ature and pH value compared with the than nitrite oxidative bacteria ( NOB) , which can provide a reference for the further study and application of biological aerated filter.
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