超声心动图评价酒精性心肌病大鼠心脏结构和功能的实验研究

摘要

Objective To explore the value of echocardiography in evaluating cardiac structure and function in rats with alcoholic cardiomyopathy(ACM) . Methods Twenty-three male rats were randomly divided into model group (n=13) and normal group ( n = 10). The rats were gavaged with alcohol and then drank alcohol freely in model group, while gavaged with physiological saline at the same time and with the same dose in normal group. High frequency ultrasound combined with Doppler tissue imaging( DTI) were performed on the rats 6 months later, then the rats were sacrificed and the hearts were stained by HE staining,and examined by microscopy. Results After the model was established, all rats in normal group survived,and 4 died in model group. In contrast with normal group, left ventricular posterior wall end-diastolic thickness( LPWDd) , interventricular septum end-diastolic thickness (IVSDd) were decreased, left ventricular mass (LVM) , left ventricular mass / body mass (LVM/BM) , left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDd) were increased, ejection fraction (EF) , fractional Shortening (FS) were decreased obviously, myocardial peak velocity of early diastolic ( Em) , ( myocardial peak veloeity of late) Am, Em/Am were decreased in model group (P < 0. 05 ). LVM detected by echocardiography was correlated well with that after postmortem (r = 0. 84, P<0. 05). The results of pathological examination showed that no abnormality was detected in normal group by HE staining and the results in model group were coincident with the pathologic changes of ACM. Conclusion DTI can be used in quantitatively evaluating cardiac structure and function in rats with ACM .%目的 探讨超声心动图在评价大鼠酒精性心肌病心脏结构和功能中的价值.方法 雄性Wistar大鼠23只随机分为模型组13只和正常对照组10只.模型组使用乙醇灌胃,随后乙醇随其饮用;正常对照组在相同时间用相同剂量的生理盐水灌胃.6个月后对两组实验鼠进行高频超声联合组织多普勒成像(DTI)检查.待检测结束后猝死实验鼠,取心脏组织并行病理检测.结果 建立模型后,正常对照组大鼠全部存活,模型组大鼠死亡4只.与正常对照组比较,模型组左室后壁舒张末期厚度(LVPWDd)、室间隔舒张末期厚度(IVSDd)减小;左室质量(LVM)、LVM与体质量之比(LVM/BM)及左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)增大;射血分数(EF)、左室短轴缩短率(FS)明显减低;舒张早期心肌运动峰值速度(Em)、舒张晚期心肌运动峰值速度(Am)及Em/Am减低(均P<0.05).超声测量得出的LVM与尸解后测量的LVM呈高度相关,r=0.84(P<0.05).病理检查正常对照组大鼠心肌HE染色未见异常,模型组大鼠心肌HE染色符合酒精性心肌病的改变.结论 高频超声联合DTI可以对酒精性心肌病大鼠心脏结构和功能进行定量评价.