[Objective]To understand the prevalence of anemia in infants and children from Dongsheng community ,and to explore the relevant influencing factors .[Methods] The routine blood examination of pe‐ripheral blood of 1200 infants and children aged 6~36 months in child care department of community health service center from Jan .2013 to Dec .2013 were performed to analyze the prevalence of anemia at different age .According to the anemia ,the participants were divided into anemia group and non‐anemia group .The health care data including parents'education ,the history and severity of anemia of pregnant women at late ges‐tation ,the feeding patterns of infant and children aged less than 6 months ,the time and type of complementary feeding supplement ,weaning time of infants and children ,the kind of food after weaning ,the history and treatment of anemia of infants and children in two groups were collected .The related factors were compared between the two groups by using x2 test .At the same time ,logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relevant influencing factors of anemia .[Results]The overall incidence of anemia in infants and children (aged 6~36 months) from Dongsheng community was 34 .2% (410/1200) .The incidence of mild anemia was 79 .3% (325/410) ,and that of moderate anemia was 20 .7% (85/410) .No severe anemia occurred .The inci‐dence of anemia in group with 6~12 months was obviously higher than that in other groups .Logistic regres‐sion analysis showed that the parents'educational level ,the feeding patterns within 6 months and whether timely and rational complementary feeding supplement were the influential factors of anemia in infants and chil‐dren .[Conclusion] The overall prevalence of anemia in infants and children is still higher in our community . Improving parents'child care knowledge ,guiding rational feeding and timely food supplement are the main trends to improve anemia in infants and children in the future .%【目的】了解北京市东升镇辖区婴幼儿贫血的发病情况，探讨影响婴幼儿贫血的相关影响因素。【方法】测定2013年1～12月来社区卫生服务中心儿保门诊健康查体的1200例6～36月龄婴幼儿末梢血血常规，分析各年龄段贫血患病率。根据贫血情况分为贫血组（ n ＝410）与非贫血组（ n ＝790），收集2组幼儿的儿保资料，包括幼儿父母的文化程度、孕晚期孕母贫血史及严重程度、6个月内婴幼儿的喂养方式、添加辅食时间、辅食添加种类、婴幼儿断乳时间以及断乳后食品种类、婴幼儿既往贫血及治疗史等。分析影响婴幼儿贫血的相关因素。【结果】辖区6～36月龄婴幼儿贫血的总发生率为34．2％（410／1200）。其中轻度贫血为27．1％（325／1200），中度贫血为7．1％（85／1200），无重度贫血。6～12月龄婴幼儿贫血的发病率明显高于其他组。Logistic回归分析显示：父母文化程度、6个月内喂养方式以及是否适时合理添加辅食是婴幼儿贫血的影响因素。【结论】本辖区婴幼儿贫血总患病率仍较高，提高婴幼儿父母育儿知识、指导合理喂养并适时添加辅食是今后改善婴幼儿贫血的发展方向。
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