凉山地区彝族和汉族2型糖尿病人群发生心血管事件的差异性比较

摘要

[Objective]To study the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Yi and Han nationalities in Liangshan area .[Methods]A total of 290 patients with T2DM (Yi and Han na-tionalities) in Xichang city and rural areas near Xichang of Liangshan ,Sichuan from May 2014 to May 2016 were selected as study subjects by the random stratified cluster sampling method .According to the presence of cardiovascular events , the patients were divided into the cardiovascular event group (n=96) and the non-cardiovascular event group ( n =194) . The clinical data and physiological and biochemical indexes of the patients were collected and detected .The incidence rate of cardiovascular events and risk factors were compared between the two nationalities .[Results]The indexes of obesity , hypertension ,dyslipidemia ,smoking history ,drinking history ,body mass index (BMI) ,systolic blood pressure (SBP) , diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ,total cholesterol (TC) ,triglyceride (TG) ,and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in cardi-ovascular event group were higher than those in non-cardiovascular event group .There were significant differences between the two groups ( P < 0 .05) .However ,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower in the cardiovascular group than that in the non-cardiovascular event group ,and the difference was statistically significant ( P <00.5) .The in-cidence of cardiovascular events in patients with T 2DM of Han nationality was higher than that in Yi nationality (370.%vs 244.% ) ( P <00.5) .[Conclusion] There is a higher risk of cardiovascular events in patients with T 2DM of Han na-tionality than of Yi nationality in Liangshan .The risk of cardiovascular events in patients with T 2DM of Yi and Han na-tionalities in the Liangshan area can be reduced by intervening the risk factors such as obesity ,hypertension ,dyslipi-demia ,smoking history and drinking history .%[目的]探讨凉山地区彝族和汉族2型糖尿病(T2DM)人群发生心血管事件的差异性.[方法]选择2014年5月至2016年5月在四川省凉山州西昌市区及市区附近乡村,采用随机分层整群抽样方法,选取凉山地区彝族和汉族T2DM患者290例为研究对象,根据有无心血管事件将纳入患者分为心血管事件组(n=96)与无心血管事件组(n=194).检测患者临床资料与生理生化指标,比较彝、汉族糖尿病患者心血管事件发生率及其危险因素.[结果]心血管事件组肥胖、高血压、血脂异常、吸烟史、饮酒史、体质量指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)高于无心血管事件组,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)低于无心血管事件组,其差异均有统计学意义(P<00.5).汉族T2DM患者心血管事件总发生率为370.%,显著高于彝族T2DM患者的244.%(P<00.5).[结论]凉山地区汉族T2DM患者较彝族T2DM患者存在更高心血管事件风险,通过干预肥胖、高血压、血脂异常、吸烟史、饮酒史等危险因素可降低凉山地区彝、汉族糖尿病患者心血管事件风险.