非免疫性胎儿水肿10例临床分析

摘要

目的 探讨非免疫性胎儿水肿(NIHF)的临床特点、诊断及治疗.方法 回顾分析2011年1月—2016年12月新生儿重症监护病房中10例诊断NIHF新生儿的临床资料,并复习相关文献.结果 10例NIHF中,男6例、女4例,出生胎龄32～42周,出生体质量2.25～3.95 kg.其中感染性疾病3例(巨细胞病毒、无乳链球菌、微小病毒感染各1例),胎儿心血管异常2例,染色体异常2例,胸腔结构异常1例,双胎输血综合征1例,病因不明1例;临床表现为2处及以上水肿(或积液)8例,仅皮肤水肿2例.最终治愈出院6例,自动出院2例,死亡2例.结论 产前超声是诊断NIHF的可靠方法.孕早期胎儿水肿,尤其伴有先天畸形建议终止妊娠.出生后的NIHF应及时诊治,以避免或减少严重并发症.%Objective To explore the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of non-immunologic hydrops fetalis (NIHF). Methods The clinical data of 10 cases of NIHF in neonatal intensive case unit during January 2011 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. The related literatures were reviewed. Results In 10 cases of NIHF (6 males and 4 females). the gestational age were 32-42 weeks, and the birth weight was 2.25-3.95 kg. Among them, there were 3 cases of infectious diseases (cytomegalovirus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and parvovirus infection, one case each), 2 cases of fetal cardiovascular abnormalities, 2 cases of chromosomal abnormalities, 1 case of abnormal thoracic structures, 1 case of twin transfusion syndrome, and 1 case of etiology unknown of fetal hydrops. The clinical manifestations showed that there were 8 cases with 2 or more areas of edema (or hydrops), and only 2 cases with skin edema. Finally, 6 cases were cured and discharged, 2 cases were discharged by themself, and 2 cases died. Conclusions Prenatal ultrasound is a reliable method for the diagnosis of NIHF. Fetal edema in early pregnancy, especially with congenital malformations, is recommended for termination of pregnancy. After birth, NIHF should be diagnosed promptly so as to avoid or reduce severe complications.