目的 探讨神经外科重症监护病房(NICU)患者呼吸道感染常见的病原菌分布及耐药性.方法 对本院NICU收治的肺部感染患者痰液标本进行细菌培养,分析病原菌分布,同时进行药敏试验.结果 呼吸道感染的病原菌以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,位居前3位的分别为铜绿假单胞菌178株占32.2％、金黄色葡萄球菌135株占24.5％、热带假丝酵母菌54株占9.8％.药敏实验结果表明,病原菌对常见的β2-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类和大环内酯类等抗菌药物表现为严重耐药性.结论 NICU呼吸道感染患者以革兰阴性菌感染为主,定期进行药敏试验和耐药趋势分析,合理选择抗菌药物,可获得比较满意疗效.%Objective To explore the distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogens that cause pulmonary infection in neurosurgical ICU (NICU). Methods Sputa were collected from patients hospitalized in NICU and analyzed for distribution and drug susceptibility test of pathogenic bacteria Results Respiratory infection pathogens were mainly gram negative bacillus. The top three were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (178 strains, 32.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (135 strains, 24.5%) and Candida tropicalis (54 strains, 9. 8%). The drug susceptibility test showed that pathogens were of severe antibiotic resistance to beta - lactams, aminoglycosides and macrolides. Conclusion Pulmonary infections in NICU are mainly caused by gram negative bacillus. Satisfactory efficacy can be achieved by drug sensitivity tests at regular intervals and resistance trend analysis for guiding the use of antibiotics.
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