明清三国戏曲的翻案补恨

摘要

明清三国戏曲出现了众多的翻案补恨作品，这些作品大致可以分成两类，一为翻历史定局之恨，这是翻案补恨之作的主流；二是弥补个人之恨。除此之外，转世报应也可以视为另类的补恨方式。前者围绕着诸葛亮及蜀汉集团，后者则围绕着蔡文姬、荀奉倩等人。转世最主要的对应方式有两种，一是西汉初年与三国对接，另外一个则是曹操的身后报应。%Three kingdoms operas appeared numerous works for making amends in Ming and Qing dy-nasty and can be roughly divided into two categories:one is for changing history ending,which is the main form,and the second is to make up a personal grudge.In addition,the reincarnation of retribu-tion can be seen as an alternative way to make up hate.Zhuge Liang and Shu and Han regime belong to the former group,and the latter is around Su Wenji,Xun fengqian and so on.The most important correspondences of reincarnation are in two ways:first,and the docking of Western Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms,the other is behind Cao Cao’s retribution.