“无所谓”的形成及其词义的主观化

摘要

There are wusuoweil and wusuowei2 in verbal communication. Seen from the sources, wusuoweil is formed in the context of ＂S＋wusuoweiVPIAP＂ while wusuowei2 in the context of ＂S＋wusuowei＇. As the character wei（谓）＇s semantics subjectivizes, wusuowei is fixed and grammaticalized, finally evolves into a subjective verb to express the attitude of the speaker to S. There is no intrinsic connection between wusuoweil and wusuwei2, each taking a different lexicalization path. Though wusuowei is already lexicalized, ＂wu（无）＋suowei（所谓）＂ still remains to be a syntactic structure.%言语交际中＂无所谓＂有＂无所谓1＂和＂无所谓2＂之分。从来源上看,＂无所谓1＂形成于＂S＋无所谓VP/AP＂;＂无所谓2＂则是在＂S＋无所谓＂的语境中,随＂谓＂词义的主观化而带来＂无所谓＂的凝结与虚化,最终才演变为主观动词并用来表说话人对话题S所持的态度。＂无所谓1＂与＂无所谓2＂之间没有必然的关联,各自成词的路径也不尽相同。除已词化的＂无所谓＂外,现代汉语仍有＂无＋所谓＂作为句法结构的用法。