从黄观到吴应箕——明代科举的历史变迁

摘要

根据池州明初“三元”状元黄观和明末复社领袖吴应箕的科考之路，论述了明代科举制度的形成原因、历史功绩及其弊端。通过对两者科举历程的比较，剖析了明代科举制度由草创到形成、由发展到目趋完备、进而烂熟衰落的历史变迁过程．展现了科举制度对明代人才选拔和学校教育的重要性，对我们今天的教育考试制度具有一定的借鉴意义。%According to the imperial exams of Huang Guan in early Ming dynasty and Wu Yingji in late Ming dynasty, the paper discusses the causes and historical contribution and disadvantages of imperial exam in Ming dynasty, and analyzes the historical process of the starting, formation, development, improvement and decline, which indicates the importance of imperial exam for talent selection and school education and has reference significance for today's education test system.